Ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyurethane catalyst kwizixhobo ze-foam kunye nohlalutyo lwendlela yokwenza i-foam

Isishwankathelo sezinto ze-polyurethane foam

Izinto ze-polyurethane foam zizinto ze-polymer ezinesakhiwo esineembobo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana nokwakha, ifenitshala, iimoto, ukupakisha, njl. ngenxa yobushushu bayo obuhle kakhulu, ubushushu besandi, ukugquma kunye neempawu zoomatshini. Ukwenziwa kwe-polyurethane foam yinkqubo enzima yomzimba neyekhemikhali, apho ii-catalysts zidlala indima ebalulekileyo yokulawula.

Indlela yokwenziwa kwefoam ye-polyurethane

Ukwenziwa kwe-polyurethane foam kubandakanya iimpendulo ezimbini eziphambili zeekhemikhali: ukusabela kwe-foam kunye nokusabela kwe-gel.
Impendulo ye-foam ibhekisa kwinkqubo apho i-isocyanate (-NCO) isabela khona namanzi ukuvelisa i-carbon dioxide (CO₂):
R-NCO + H₂O → R-NH₂ + CO₂↑
Igesi ye-CO₂ eveliswa yile mpendulo iyawandisa umxube ukuze wenze isakhiwo sefoam.
I-gel reaction ibhekisa kwinkqubo apho i-isocyanate isabela khona kunye ne-polyol hydroxyl (-OH) ukuze yenze i-polyurethane chain:
R-NCO + R'-OH → R-NH-CO-O-R'
Le mpendulo imisela amandla okugqibela kunye neempawu zoomatshini zefoam.

Indlela yokwenziwa kweeseli ezivulekileyo nezivaliweyo kwi-foam

1. Indlela yokwenza igwebu elivulekileyo

Ukwakheka kwefoam evulekileyo kubangelwa kukuba xa uxinzelelo oluphezulu luveliswa kwiqamza, udonga lweseli olwenziwe yi-gel reaction alunamandla ngokwaneleyo ukumelana nokwelulwa kwe-membrane yodonga okubangelwa kukwanda koxinzelelo lwegesi, okubangela ukuqhekeka kwe-membrane yodonga lweqamza kunye nokuphuma kwegesi ekuqhekekeni. Olu phawu lolwakhiwo lunika i-foam evulekileyo iimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukungena komoya okuhle
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kokufunxa isandi
- Amandla oomatshini aphantsi kakhulu
- Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu
Izinga leeseli ezivulekileyo (okanye izinga leeseli ezivaliweyo) luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa ukusebenza kwefoam, oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iiparameter zokusebenza eziphambili ezifana nokuqhuba kobushushu, ukuvuleka komswakama kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu befoam.

2. Indlela yokwenziwa kwefoam evaliweyo

Ukwenziwa kwefoam evaliweyo kufuna isantya esikhawulezayo se-gelation, esidla ngokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa iipolyols ze-polyether ezinemisebenzi emininzi, ezinobunzima obuphantsi beemolekyuli ukuze zisabele kwi-polyisocyanates. Kule nkqubo:
- Isantya sokusabela kwejeli sikhawuleza ngokwaneleyo
- Amandla odonga lweseli ayanda ngokukhawuleza
- Igesi ayinakugqobhoza udonga lweseli
- Kwenziwa ulwakhiwo lwefoam olulawulwa ziiseli ezivaliweyo
I-polyurethane foam eqinileyo ene-closed-cell isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yokukhusela nokugcina izinto ezibandayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kakuhle kokukhusela ubushushu. Izinga layo eliqhelekileyo le-closed-cell linokufikelela kwi-90%-95%.

Ukusetyenziswa kweI-MXC-37 (i-DMAEE)i-catalyst kwi-polyurethane foam

I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) sisincedisi se-amine esingenazingcolisi, esingenavumba liphantsi esineenzuzo ezikhethekileyo kwimveliso ye-polyurethane foam:

1. Iimpawu zemveliso

- Umsebenzi ophezulu wokwenza amagwebu: ifanelekile ngakumbi kwiifomyula ezinomthamo wamanzi amaninzi
- Ivumba eliphantsi: linciphisa kakhulu ivumba eliqhelekileyo le-amine kwi-foam
- Ukuguquguquka kokusetyenziswa: ingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo esiphambili sodwa okanye njengesixhobo esidibanisa i-BDMAEE, njl.njl.

2. Iindawo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa

- Ifoam ye-polyurethane efuthayo enemingxuma (SPF) enoxinano oluphantsi, enefoam yamanzi
- Igwebu elithambileyo elisekelwe kwi-Ester eliqinisiweyo
- Igwebu leeseli ezincinci
- Ii-Elastomers
- Ukubumba i-Reaction injection (RIM) kunye nokubumba i-reinforced reaction injection (RRIM)
- Izicelo zokupakisha igwebu eziqinileyo

3. Iingenelo zobugcisa

I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) ingenza oku:
- Lungiselela ulwakhiwo lwembobo yefoam
- Phucula uzinzo olulinganayo lwefoam
- Phucula umgangatho womphezulu wemveliso
- Ukunciphisa Ukukhutshwa Kwezinto Ezingaguqukiyo Eziyi-Organic Compound (VOC)

Ukukhethwa kunye nokuphuculwa kweIsincedisi sePolyurethane

Kwimveliso yokwenyani, ukukhethwa kweekhatalysts kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ezi zinto zilandelayo:
1. I-Reactivity: Khetha i-catalyst enomsebenzi ofanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zenkqubo
2. Iimfuneko zevumba: Kufuneka kukhethwe ii-catalysts ezingenavumba liphantsi ukuze zisetyenziswe kwivumba elibi
3. Ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo: Ukuhlangabezana nemithetho yokusingqongileyo engqongqo ngakumbi
4. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko: Yenza iindleko zibe ngcono ngelixa uqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle
I-MXC-37 (DMAEE) ibe yeyona nto iphambili kwiimveliso ezininzi ze-polyurethane foam ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo, ingakumbi kwizicelo ezineemfuno ezingqongqo kwivumba kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.

Isiphelo

Ii-catalysts ze-polyurethane zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni izinto ze-foam. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zee-catalysts zinokulawula ulwakhiwo lwe-pore, iipropati zomzimba kunye neempawu zokucubungula i-foam. Njenge-catalyst esebenzayo neyinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, i-MXC-37 (DMAEE) ibonelela ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo sokuvelisa i-polyurethane foam, ngakumbi kwiimveliso ze-foam ezifuna ivumba eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji, olu hlobo lwe-catalyst esebenza kakhulu luya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwishishini le-polyurethane.