Ii-Amines kwiMveliso yePolyurethane kunye nendima yeeCatalysts

I-Polyurethane yi-polymer eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-foams kunye neengubo ukuya kwi-elastomers kunye nee-adhesives. Ukuveliswa kwe-polyurethane kubandakanya impendulo eyinkimbinkimbi yeekhemikhali phakathi kwe-polyols kunye ne-isocyanates, kwaye ii-catalysts zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeni le mpendulo ngokufanelekileyo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-catalysts ezisetyenzisiweyo, ii-catalysts ezisekelwe kwi-amine zibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukukhawulezisa impendulo kunye nokulawula iimpawu zemveliso yokugqibela.

Ii-Amines kwimveliso yePolyurethane

Ii-amines ziikhompawundi ze-organic ezithathwe kwi-ammonia kwaye zibonakaliswa bubukho beqela elinye okanye ngaphezulu le-alkyl okanye i-aryl elinamathele kwi-atom ye-nitrogen. Kwimeko yokuveliswa kwe-polyurethane, ii-amine catalysts zisetyenziswa ukwenza lula zombini ii-urethane (polyol kunye ne-isocyanate) kunye ne-urea (amanzi kunye ne-isocyanate). Ezi catalysts zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe zii-tertiary amines kunye nee-polyols ezisekelwe kwi-amine.

1. Ii-Amines zeTertiary: Ezi zezona zi-amine catalysts zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-polyurethane formulations. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-triethylenediamine (TEDA), i-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), kunye ne-bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether (BDMAEE). Ezi compounds ziphucula amazinga okusabela, ziphucula ukwakheka kwe-foam, kwaye zichaphazela ulwakhiwo lweseli lwee-polyurethane foams.

2. IiPolyol Ezisekelwe kwiAmine: Ezi ziiPolyol ezisebenza njengeamine ezisebenza njengepolyol kunye ne-catalyst. Ziluncedo kakhulu ekudaleni iinkqubo zefoam eziguquguqukayo apho kufuneka khona ukusabela okwandisiweyo.

 Isikhanyisi

, okanye i-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, sisixhobo esidumileyo se-tertiary amine kwishishini le-polyurethane. Sisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekuvuseleleni zombini ii-gelling (urethane formation) kunye ne-blowing (carbon dioxide formation). Ulwakhiwo olukhethekileyo lwe- luyivumela ukuba ikhuthaze impendulo elungeleleneyo, iqinisekisa iipropati ezifanelekileyo ze-foam ezifana noxinano, ubungakanani beseli, kunye namandla oomatshini.

15kwaye T

1. 15: Le yi-catalyst esebenza kakuhle kakhulu esekelwe kwi-amine eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-polyurethane foam. Inika umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokutsala, ikhuthaza amazinga okusabela ngokukhawuleza kunye neempawu eziphuculweyo ze-foam. I-15 isebenza ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo ze-foam eziguquguqukayo neziqinileyo, ibonelela ngeempawu zokucubungula eziphuculweyo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwemveliso yokugqibela.

2. T: Le catalyst lolunye uhlobo losapho, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyurethane ethile. I-T yaziwa ngomsebenzi wayo onamandla wokutsala kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukubonelela ngokusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuthembekileyo kwiifomyula ezahlukeneyo ze-foam. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-foam eziguquguqukayo neziqinileyo, inikezela ulawulo oluphuculweyo kwiimpawu zomzimba ze-foam.

 Isiphelo

Ii-amine, ingakumbi ii-amines zesithathu ezifana ne- , zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyurethane. Ii-catalysts ezifana ne-15 kunye ne-T zibalulekile ekufezekiseni amazinga okusabela afunekayo kunye neempawu ze-foam, ukuqinisekisa iimveliso ze-polyurethane ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa ezi catalysts ngokufanelekileyo, abavelisi banokwenza ngcono iinkqubo zabo zemveliso kwaye baphucule ukusebenza kwezicelo zabo ze-polyurethane.