The key role of polyurethane catalysts in the production of spray foam insulation materials

Umgaqo wokuvelisa izixhobo zokukhusela i-spray foam

I-Spray Foam Insulation (SPF) sisixhobo sokukhusela ubushushu esiphucukileyo esenziwe ngokuxuba ngokuchanekileyo izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo - i-polyol resin kunye ne-isocyanate. Xa ezi zinto zimbini zolwelo zixutywe kwisixhobo esikhethekileyo sokutshiza, kwenzeka impendulo ekhawulezayo yeekhemikhali phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, kwaye igesi yekhabhoni diokside ikhutshwa ngaxeshanye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umxube wande amaxesha angama-30-60 kwimizuzwana eli-10-15, ekugqibeleni yenze i-polyurethane foam eneempawu ezibalaseleyo zokukhusela ubushushu.
Le nkqubo yeekhemikhali ineempendulo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-Gel reaction: i-isocyanate isabela kunye ne-polyol ukuze yenze i-polyurethane polymer skeleton
2. Impendulo ephuma kwigwebu: i-isocyanate iphendula namanzi ukuze ivelise igesi yekhabhoni diokside

Ukusebenza kakuhle kakhuluI-MXC-BDMAisikhuthazi

I-MXC-BDMA yethu (N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, CAS 103-83-3) sisincedisi se-amine esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu esilungiselelwe i-rigid spray foam, esineenzuzo ezilandelayo eziphambili:

1. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuphendula

- Ibonelela ngebhalansi efanelekileyo yempendulo ye-foaming/gelling (umlinganiselo wempendulo ungachaneka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-±3%)
- Iqinisekisa igophe elinyukayo elizinzileyo (ukwanda kokuphakama okungaphantsi kwe-5%)
- Iyahambelana nobushushu obuhlukeneyo kunye nokufuma (ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kuluhlu lwe-5-35℃)

2. Umgangatho ogqwesileyo wefoam

- Yenza isakhiwo esifanayo seeseli ezivaliweyo (umlinganiselo weeseli ezivaliweyo >90%)
- Ububanzi beseli bulawulwa kuluhlu olufanelekileyo lwe-100-300μm
- Yonyusa amandla okubopha nge-substrate ngama-40% (uvavanyo lwe-ASTM D1623)

3. Iingenelo zenkqubo

- Yonyusa ukugeleza kokuqala ngama-25%, iqinisekisa ukuzaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwezakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo
- Ixesha lokucola lifinyezwa nge-15-20%, nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo.
- Ifomula yevumba eliphantsi (i-VOC<50μg/m³) iphucula imeko yokusebenza.

Indima ephambiliiikhatalystkwimveliso ye-SPF.

Njengomqhubi we-reaction kwimveliso ye-polyurethane, inkqubo ye-catalyst iqinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-foam esemgangathweni ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezintathu:
1. Ulawulo lweKinetic:
- Lawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokuqalisa ukusabela (ngesiqhelo imizuzwana eli-15-30)
- Lungisa ubushushu obuphezulu be-exothermic (ngokuvamile bulawulwa kwi-140-160℃)
- Ukulinganisela ukuveliswa kwegesi kunye nesantya sokucocwa kwepolymer
2. Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo:
- Ii-amine catalysts (ezifana ne-MXC-BDMA) zilawula ukwakheka kwegesi
- Iikhatalyst zesinyithi (ezifana ne-stannous octoate) zilawula ukudibana kwe-polymer
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-composite kunokwenza ulwakhiwo olufanelekileyo lwe-pore
3. Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza:
- Phucula uzinzo lobukhulu (isantya sokutshintsha kwevolumu <1%)
- Lungiselela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.020-0.028W/m·K)
- Amandla oomatshini aphuculweyo (amandla oxinzelelo>150kPa)

Izisombululo zezicelo zoshishino

I-MXC-BDMA ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekuveliseni i-spray foam kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:

Ubushushu besakhiwo

- Inkqubo yokukhusela udonga lwangaphandle
- Umaleko wokukhusela amanzi ophahla
- Iprojekthi yokukhusela indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo

Izixhobo zoshishino

- Ijakethi yokukhusela umbhobho
- Ukhuseleko lokukhusela itanki
- Ukukhusela izixhobo zenkqubo

Indawo ekhethekileyo

- Ulwakhiwo lwendawo enobushushu obuphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-5℃)
- Ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu (RH>80%)
- Ukutshiza umphezulu othe nkqo kunye nophahla

Inkxaso yobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha

Sibonelela abavelisi befoam yokutshiza ngezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Inkonzo yokwenza ngcono iFomula: Lungisa inkqubo ye-catalytic ngokweeparamitha zezixhobo zakho
- Ukuxilongwa kwenkqubo: Sombulula iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokushwabana kwefoam kunye nokuqhekeka
- Uvavanyo lwesampulu: Nika iipakethi zovavanyo ezingama-50-100g zovavanyo oluncinci
- Uqeqesho lobuchwephesha: Bamba rhoqo iiseminari zobuchwepheshe bemveliso ye-SPF